foreign key in sql

1-- On Create
2CREATE TABLE tableName (
3    ID INT,
4    SomeEntityID INT,
5    PRIMARY KEY (ID),
6    FOREIGN KEY (SomeEntityID)
7        REFERENCES SomeEntityTable(ID)
8        ON DELETE CASCADE
9);
10
11-- On Alter, if the column already exists but has no FK
12ALTER TABLE
13  tableName
14ADD
15  FOREIGN KEY (SomeEntityID) REFERENCES SomeEntityTable(ID) ON DELETE CASCADE;
16  
17 -- Add FK with a specific name
18 -- On Alter, if the column already exists but has no FK
19ALTER TABLE
20  tableName
21ADD CONSTRAINT fk_name
22  FOREIGN KEY (SomeEntityID) REFERENCES SomeEntityTable(ID) ON DELETE CASCADE;

1# A foreign key is essentially a reference to a primary
2# key in another table.
3
4# A Simple table of Users, 
5CREATE TABLE users(
6	userId INT NOT NULL,
7  	username VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
8  	passwd VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL,
9  	PRIMARY KEY(userId);
10);
11# Lets add a LEGIT user!
12INSERT INTO users VALUES(1000,"Terry","Teabagface$2");
13
14# We will create an order table that holds a reference
15# to an order made by our Terry
16CREATE TABLE orders(
17	orderId INT NOT NULL,
18  	orderDescription VARCHAR(255),
19  	ordererId INT NOT NULL,
20  	PRIMARY KEY(orderId),
21  	FOREIGN KEY (ordererId) REFERENCES users(userId)
22);
23# Now we can add an order from Terry
24INSERT INTO orders VALUES(0001,"Goat p0rn Weekly",1000);
25
26# Want to know more about the plight of Goats?
27# See the link below

1A FOREIGN KEY is a key used to link two tables together.
2A FOREIGN KEY is a field (or collection of fields) in one table that refers to the PRIMARY KEY in another table.
3The table containing the foreign key is called the child table, and the table containing the candidate key is called the referenced or parent table.
4
5Example:
6# creating table users
7CREATE TABLE users(
8	user_id INT NOT NULL,
9  	user_name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
10  	user_pass VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL,
11  	PRIMARY KEY(user_id);
12);
13# adding user data
14INSERT INTO users VALUES(1,"Raj","raj@123");
15
16# creating table orders
17CREATE TABLE orders(
18	order_id INT NOT NULL,
19  	order_description VARCHAR(255),
20  	orderer_id INT NOT NULL,
21  	PRIMARY KEY(order_id),
22  	FOREIGN KEY (orderer_id) REFERENCES users(user_id)
23);
24# adding order data
25INSERT INTO orders VALUES(1,"Daily groceries",1);

1ALTER TABLE tryholpz_demo07.core_modules 
2ADD COLUMN belongs_to_role INT, 
3ADD FOREIGN KEY core_modules(belongs_to_role) REFERENCES role_specific_modules_info(id) ON DELETE CASCADE

1CREATE TABLE Students ( 	 /* Create table with foreign key - Way 1 */
2    ID INT NOT NULL
3    Name VARCHAR(255)
4    LibraryID INT
5    PRIMARY KEY (ID)
6    FOREIGN KEY (Library_ID) REFERENCES Library(LibraryID)
7);
8
9CREATE TABLE Students ( 	 /* Create table with foreign key - Way 2 */
10    ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
11    Name VARCHAR(255)
12    LibraryID INT FOREIGN KEY (Library_ID) REFERENCES Library(LibraryID)
13);
14
15
16ALTER TABLE Students 	 /* Add a new foreign key */
17ADD FOREIGN KEY (LibraryID)
18REFERENCES Library (LibraryID);
19

1Foreign Key: 
2It is a column that comes from a different table and
3using Foreign key tables are related each other
4It is the primary key of another table
5It can be duplicate or null for another table
6
7
8Primary Key :
9It is unique column in every table in a database
10It can ONLY accept;
11    - nonduplicate values
12    - cannot be NULL
13
14Unique Key:
15Only unique value and also can contain NULL